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Pediatric Visual Impairment Research

Research Center

News and Updates

Pediatric ophthalmologist, Dr. Robert King, MD, and two Anchor Center for Blind Children teachers of students with visual impairment in early intervention have collaborated with Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to complete a research project that potentially identifies brain-based visual impairment and visual function concerns in premature infants. Using a validated screening instrument, the Neonatal Assessment Visual European Grid (NAVEG) is a non-invasive visual functioning screener led to 79 successful screenings with 26 individuals or a (33%) referral rate. Results indicate that the NAVEG is a stable screening tool to administer in the NICU setting with infants from 35 to 40 weeks to identify early visual concerns.

This exciting research is changing how we think about what very young babies see and early visual development. We have had the opportunity to present and train on the NAVEG with hospital staff and Early Intervention TSVIs across the country.

Karen Borg, director of Utah’s Parent Infant Program shares that after just 7 months, the NAVEG is changing our practice and our relationship with our Early Intervention partners”.

Other organizations that have or are signed up for our NAVEG training experience include:

Anchor Center is happy to announce we will be collaborating in a similar hospital-based study with Dr. Lauren Mehner at the Children’s Hospital Colorado NICU before this spring!

**Want to know more about NAVEG training? Contact Dr. Cathy Smyth at csmyth@anchorcenter.org for more information!

Partnerships:
Anchor Center recently began consulting with Rachel Pilling, M.D., pediatric ophthalmologist at Bradford University, United Kingdom, on the possibility of a  feasibility study on using the NAVEG in her local NICUs. Dr. Pilling shared “It is very exciting how we can work together in the field of CVI to make sure families and children get the services they need. We have a long road ahead of us, but this is a beginning.”  We agree!

Recorded Podcasts

Our goal is to create a family support podcast that dives deep into the triumphs, challenges, and strategies that are part of the lives of those who care for young children with blindness and visual impairment, ages birth through five and build an audio community of caregivers and early interventionists. Staff members from Visually Impaired Preschool Services (VIPS) and Anchor Center for Blind Children (ACBC) bring a long history of supporting caregivers of very young children identified with visual impairment and now wish to reach out through podcasts, including interviews and discussions with seasoned interventionists, experienced parents, and professionals in the field.

Season 2, Episode 7: The Great IDEA Game Show with Megan Kuussalo and Sonnie Anderson

Have you ever felt confused, overwhelmed, or lost when it comes to the ins and outs of your child’s transition to school? This installment of Feeling This Life is for you! Through this silly episode, Megan and Sonnie, both moms to preschoolers with visual impairments, go head-to-head to answer as many questions as they can about the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Kathy Mullen, director of education at VIPS and IDEA expert, shares everything a family needs to know to be empowered for the transition from early intervention to school based services.

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Season 2, Episode 6: You're not fixing it, but you can fix the way you think about it with Amanda Jaksha

Dr. Cathy talks with Amanda, mom to Ava, about embracing life when parenting a child with complex needs. Amanda shares vast wisdom and perspective about what it means to embrace life as a parent and about how to help your child thrive. Jenny, Paige, and Dr. Cathy then reflect about Amanda’s attitude and story, the impact of involving family in home visits and therapy, taking breaks, and not vacuuming for your home-based providers.

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Season 2, Episode 5: What happens when your vision changes? with Juanita Miles

Juanita Miles, preschool director at VIPS, shares the story of how her vision has changed as she lost, gained, and then lost her sight. She shares insights she gained along the way, opens up about how it felt to lose vision and how she accomplished her goals when she wasn’t sure she could. Jenny, Paige, and Dr. Cathy reflect about Juanita’s resilience.

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Season 2, Episode 4: Book Talk: “For The Benefit of Those Who See”

Jenny, Dr. Cathy, and Paige reflect on reading “For the Benefit of Those Who See”, by Rosemary Mahoney. Topics that come up include learning about the world using all our senses and blind content creators. Jenny touches on how the students at Braille Without Borders (the school where Mahoney teaches) validate her experiences.

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Season 2, Episode 3: A Full Life with Jamie Shake

Jenny interviews mom and physical therapist Jamie Shake, who is visually impaired. Jamie shares how her visual impairment impacted her schooling, and how her vision is just a regular part of her day at work. Jamie shares her love of mowing grass. Jamie and Jenny talk about the use of a smartphone as a low vision device. Paige, Jenny, and Dr. Cathy reflect on Jamie’s wisdom as they discuss smartphones for accessibility and their own lived experiences with advocacy.

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Season 2, Episode 2: Will orientation and mobility help my child? with Dr. Phangia 'Nana' Dewald

Dr. Cathy interviews Dr. Phangia “Nana” Dewald, an orientation and mobility specialist. Cathy and Nana talk about the importance of orientation and mobility in a child’s early years and the impact that service can have on a child’s development. Jenny reflects on her experience advocating for orientation and mobility services for her daughter, and how she felt as she spoke up. Cathy, Jenny, and Paige then share their thoughts about how orientation and mobility, grief, and advocacy intersect.

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Season 2, Episode 1: My Child's Vision Stumps Me with Carrie Garnett

Jenny interviews Carrie Garnett, her daughter’s teacher of the visually impaired. They discuss their experiences around confusion when a child is able to see something they “shouldn’t” be able to, and when a child struggles with seeing something they “should” be able to both at home and at school. Paige, Dr. Cathy, and Jenny reflect about the factors that influence a child’s functional vision. Jenny shares how her feelings of need for control have been impacted by being “stumped”.

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Podcast #5: What to Expect When Fostering Your Child's Social Skills

Paige interviews Hailee Raymer, mom of a daughter with a visual impairment and complex needs. Hailee talks about how her time at the pool with her daughter taught her a new way to connect, and gives advice to other families about what to expect when fostering social skills in their children. Jenny, Dr. Cathy, and Paige talk about the potential for each moment to become an opportunity for building a strong foundation for social development.

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Podcast #4: What to Expect When Helping Your Child Learn to Get From Place to Place

Dr. Cathy interviews Dr. Penny Rosenblum about what to expect when teaching your child orientation and mobility skills. Dr. Rosenblum is a professional in the area visual impairment, and has a visual impairment herself. She shares practical ideas for helping your child to become an active traveler.

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Podcast #3: What to Expect When You Need to Speak Up for Your Child

Listen as Brooklyn Spirito, mom of two girls who have a visual impairment shares her story of advocacy as she and her husband journeyed to find an accurate vision diagnosis. She dives into her grief and tells about learning to thrive. Dr. Cathy shares information about a vision screening for infants.

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Podcast #2: What to Expect When Taking Your Child to the Eye Doctor

Welcome to the first episode of Feeling This Life! This season on the podcast, Paige, Dr. Cathy, and Jenny will be talking with various guests on “what to expect” when you have a child who is blind or visually impaired. In this episode, Dr. Cathy interviews pediatric ophthalmologist, Dr. Robert King to get an idea of what parents should expect when visiting the eye doctor for the first time. He discusses what tools the doctor uses, what tests he performs, and why he performs them. Paige, Dr. Cathy, and Jenny conclude by chatting about what parents can do to be prepared for their child’s visit to the eye doctor.

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Podcast #1: Our Hopes and Dreams

This podcast features Paige, a Teacher of the Visually Impaired at VIPS; Jenny, the VIPS Family Services Coordinator who is also a mother of a VIPS graduate; and Dr. Cathy Smith, the Director of Research at Anchor Center for Blind Children. In this episode, the hosts talk about why they wanted to create this podcast. Each lady provides a unique perspective and hopes to support families by providing them with resources, community, and hope during these difficult or unknown stages of life.

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Recorded Webinars

Cathy Smyth, PhD, Director of Research for Anchor Center for Blind Children provides update on the Neonatal Assessment Vision European Grid (NAVEG): Numbers, Training, and the Future – Perkins School for the Blind

The Neonatal Assessment Vision European Grid (NAVEG) statistics are showing it to be a credible screening instrument in several hospital neonatal intensive care units (NICU).

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“Boehm-3 Preschool” Training Webinar

WEBINAR: The Boehm-3 Preschool (available from American Printing House for the Blind) is the only validated tactual assessment for this population. Administration tips for the Boehm-3 preschool Tactile and Big Picture version.

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From Hospital to Home: Using Early Visual Functioning to Support Families Webinar

WEBINAR: Early visual skills in pre-term and full-term infants are an early sensory system to develop to support the infant’s learning potential. In this presentation, Dr. Catherine Smyth, Director of Research at Anchor Center for Blind Children, will describe the project, and report on their current findings.

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Early Intervention and CVI: Using “Idea Sheets” with Families in Natural Routines Webinar

WEBINAR: This presentation will focus on supporting family-centered practices, include naturally embedding opportunities, to improve easy adaptations of the home environment and activities within the families’ daily routines.

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Articles

Fall 2019: Early Childhood Special Issue

It's More than a Touch: Early Tactual Development in Infants and Toddlers by Catherine Smyth, PhD; Director of Research; Anchor Center for Blind Children

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A Validation of the Tactile Edition of the Boehm-3 Preschool

The purpose of this research was to conduct a validation study of the Boehm-3 Preschool tactile version, which was designed to allow young children with visual impairment and who use their tactile abilities as their primary modality to discover and interpret the world to demonstrate knowledge of concept understanding.

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Family voices at mealtime: Experiences with young children with visual impairment

Long before the Mealtimes Routines Intervention project (see below), the staff at Anchor Center for Blind Children began to explore mealtime experiences with families thorough a Gerber Foundation grant.

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PICCOLO Assessment Trial

The Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO™) is a strengths-based measure of parenting that predicts children’s early social, cognitive, and language behaviors.

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What's New

Vision loss in children whose eyesight may be 20/20 requires new diagnostic and teaching strategies.

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Other Research Information

Mealtime Routines Visual Impairment Intervention

This project was funded by the Institute of Education Sciences and housed at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley, CO. It seeked to create an evidence- and practice-based intervention for infants and toddlers with visual impairment and to assist their families in developing realistic goals in the areas of developmental mealtime skills such as using utensils and self-feeding, eating a variety of food choices, fostering positive communication between caretakers and babies, and creating positive mealtime environments. Teachers of Students with Visual Impairment who provide Early Intervention home-based services (TSVI-EIs) use an iterative process to implement the MRVI Intervention supporting families through mealtime routines. The process permits feedback to constantly adjust interventions based on best practices.

New Article: Early Intervention Increased Food Acceptance in Children with Visual Impairment
In a new article that shares the results from the Mealtime Routines Intervention (MRVI) Project (click to view) research shows that working with our families at mealtimes makes a difference! If you would like the full article, please contact Dr. Cathy Smyth at csmyth@anchorcenter.org or Zoe Morgese, Speech/Language Pathologist.

For Teachers